Kingdom Viridiplantae
Gymnosperms
Coniferophyta (Conifers)
- Heterosporous seed plants
- Sperm not motile; conducted to egg by a pollen tube
- Leaves mostly needle-like or scale-like
- Trees, shrubs
- About 50 genera
- Many produce seeds in cones
Pine Pollinate (Staminate) Cone

Pollen sac
Pollen
Pollen
Pine Leaf - 100X (Needle)

Resin Canals
Epidermis
Stomata
Mesophyll
Xylem
Phloem
Epidermis
Stomata
Mesophyll
Xylem
Phloem
Pine Pollen Grain - 1000X

Pollen Grain
Air bladder
Air bladder
Pine Pollen Tube

Sperm
Pine Ovulate Cone

Archegonia
Egg
Female gametophyte
Egg
Female gametophyte
Pine Seed

Embryo
Gametophyte
Seed Coat
Gametophyte
Seed Coat